Nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj sia tau tau txais kev paub txog kev paub txog kev loj hlob ntawm lub hauv paus ecological uas cuam tshuam nrog cov plastics. Cov ntaub ntawv biodegradable tau tshwm sim raws li kev cia siab, embodying kev lag luam, txhua tus tsis sib haum xeeb cuam tshuam nrog kev txo qis ntawm ib puag ncig kev cuam tshuam.
1.pha
Polyhydroxyates (PHA) yog biodegradable polymers synthesized los ntawm cov kab mob me, feem ntau cov kab mob, raws cov mob tshwj xeeb. Muaj cov muaj cov acid monomers, phas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws cov biodegradability, txuas ntxiv dua tshiab los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaj, thiab ntau yam khoom siv. Nrog cov ntawv thov los ntawm kev ntim mus rau cov khoom siv kho mob, PHAJ
2.PLA
Polylactic acid (PLA) yog biodegradable thiab bioftive thermoplastic tau muab los ntawm cov peev txheej txuas tau yooj yim xws li pob kws cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab lossis kab tsib. Paub rau nws cov pob tshab thiab crystalline xwm, Pla cov yeeb yam cov lus qhuas cov khoom siv tshuab ua haujlwm. Dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau cov ntawv thov, suav nrog ntim, textiles, thiab biomedical cuab yeej ua kev zoo siab rau nws biocompatibility thiab muaj peev xwm txo cov kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig. Raws li ib tug muaj kev xaiv kom zoo rau cov teeb pom kev zoo ib txwm muaj rau cov khoom lag luam hauv cov pob zeb hauv kev ua qias tuaj thiab cov khoom lag luam yog biodegradable. Nws paub tseeb kev voj voog hauv xwm thiab yog cov khoom ntsuab ntsuab polymer.
3.Cellulose
Cellulose, muab tau los ntawm tsob nroj cell phab ntsa, yog ib qho khoom siv ntau zuj zus tau txais kev saib xyuas hauv kev lag luam ntim khoom. Raws li lub peev txheej tshiab thiab ntau tshaj, cellulose muaj cov khoom siv nyob ruaj khov rau cov khoom siv kaw. Txawm hais tias ntim ntoo, paj rwb, cellulose-based-based-based-based-based-based-based Qee cov qauv ua tau kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim los ua kom tau yooj yim, pab txhawb rau cov khoom siv ntim tau, cov kev xaiv ntawm cellulose feem ntau muaj cov hneev taw txo qis.
4.PPC
Polypropylene carbonate (ppc) yog ib thermoplicity polymer uas ua ke cov khoom ntawm polypropylene nrog cov polycarbonate. Nws yog cov khoom siv xyoob ua xyoob ntoo thiab biodegradable cov ntaub ntawv, muab ib puag ncig cov phooj ywg hloov kho rau cov plastics ib txwm muaj. PPC yog muab tau los ntawm carbon dioxide thiab propylene oxide, ua nws txuas ntxiv mus thiab muaj kev xaiv txuas ntxiv.PPC yog tsim los ua biodegradable nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej, tso cai rau nws tawg rau hauv tej yam ntuj raws sijhawm, pab txhawb kom txo ib puag ncig kev cuam tshuam.
5. pugb
PolyhyDroxybutyrate (phb) yog biodegradable thiab bio-raws polyester uas zwm rau tsev neeg ntawm polyhydroxyates (phas). PHB yog synthesized los ntawm ntau cov kab mob sib xyaw ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau nws cov biodegradity, txuas ntxiv dua tshiab, ua rau nws muaj kev sib koom tes rau cov kev xaiv kom ruaj khov rau cov plastics tsoosics. PHB yog inherently biodegradable, lub ntsiab lus nws tuaj yeem tawg los ntawm cov kab mob me, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig piv rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog-biodegradable plastics.
6.Starch
Nyob rau hauv lub realm ntawm ntim, hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ua cov khoom siv ruaj khov, muab cov khoom siv ib puag ncig zoo, muab cov kev xaiv zoo ib puag ncig rau cov plastics. Muab tau los ntawm kev cog khoom, cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab ua ke nrog kev siv zog thoob ntiaj teb los txo cov khoom ntim.
7.spbat
PBAT yog lub biodegradable thiab composterable polymer yog rau tsev neeg ntawm aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters. Cov khoom siv no yog tsim los daws cov kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig nrog cov kev sib txuam ib txwm muaj nrog cov plastics, muab cov kev xaiv kom muaj lwm txoj hauv kev zoo. PBAT tuaj yeem muab tau los ntawm cov khoom siv tau yooj yim dua, xws li cov roj cog qoob loo. Qhov no rov ua dua tshiab nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txo qis ntawm cov khoom siv fossil. Thiab nws yog tsim los biodegranade under ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Cov kab mob me tawg ua rau cov polymer rau hauv ntuj los ntawm byproducts, pab txhawb kom txo hauv cov khib nyiab yas.
Cov lus qhia ntawm biodegradable cov ntaub ntawv cim ib qho tseem ceeb ua rau kev coj ua nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev lag luam. Cov ntaub ntawv no, muab los ntawm cov khoom siv tau muaj dua tshiab, muaj kev muaj peev xwm ua tau los ua ib txwm muaj, txo qhov kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig, txo ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Cov piv txwv tseem ceeb xws li polyhydroxyates (PHylactic acid (PPC), txhua qhov kev pab tshwj xeeb xws li biodegradability, thiab versatility. Pinchgradable cov ntaub ntawv sib dhos nrog lub ntiaj teb nias rau kev xaiv ua si rau cov kev txhawj xeeb hauv kev ua qias tuaj thiab cov kev pab cuam. Cov ntaub ntawv nrhiav tau cov ntawv thov ntim, textiles, thiab cov khoom siv kho mob, ua rau muaj kev lag luam ncig uas cov khoom lag luam nyob hauv siab. Txawm hais tias cov kev nyuaj siab zoo li cov khoom siv tau zoo thiab kev tshawb nrhiav kev tshawb fawb dav dav thiab txhawb nqa ib qho kev xav tau zoo thiab ib puag ncig zoo dua thiab ib puag ncig.
Lub Sijhawm Post: Dec-07-2023