Cov neeg uas nyiam haus luam yeeb luam yeeb yuav tsum paub txog lub ntim cellophane thaum ntxov. Tsuas yog Cuban cigars ua ntej xyoo 1992, uas tsis muaj ntawv ntim, feem ntau cov luam yeeb niaj hnub no tau ntim rau hauv cov khoom ntim pob tshab. Tab sis dab tsi yog cellophane thiab yog vim li cas nws thiaj li nrov?
Xyoo 1910, Swiss chemist Jacques Brandenberger pioneered cellophane uas ua tau raws li cov qauv kev nyab xeeb khoom noj thiab tau txais lub koob npe nrov hauv kev lag luam ntim khoom qab zib thiab luam yeeb. Thawj qhov ntim ntawm cellophane cigar tau yug los hauv Tampa, Florida xyoo 1927, thiab lwm lub tebchaws tau ua raws li sai sai. Hauv tebchaws Cuba, txog rau thaum xyoo 1990, feem ntau cov khoom ntim luam yeeb tau ua los ntawm cellophane. Kev poob ntawm cellophane niaj hnub no yog vim nws cov nqi tsim khoom siab thiab muaj cov khoom siv hluavtaws ua los ntawm cov roj ntxhia, tab sis nws cov kev saib xyuas zoo yog thawj qhov kev xaiv rau ntim luam yeeb.
Kev kub siab tiv thaiv glazed ntawv tau dhau los ua ib tiam tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv ua noj ua haus, ua rau cua daj cua dub ntawm "daim ntawv ci" ua noj hauv European catering kev lag luam! Daim ntawv pob tshab glazed tau ncaj qha pom cov kev hloov pauv hauv cov txheej txheem ua noj ntawm cov zaub mov, tso cai rau tus kws ua zaub mov hloov lub sijhawm thiab qhov kub thiab txias raws sijhawm, khaws cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab saj ntawm cov zaub mov, thaum tseem muab cov neeg noj mov nrog kev pom kev zoo siab!
Boil glazed ntawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias! Tus kws ua zaub mov siv Italian Carta Fata hwm daim ntawv ua noj uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 230 ° C thiab tuaj yeem ua siav siv ntau txoj kev. Cov khoom xyaw tshiab xws li lobster thiab crabs yog qhwv rau hauv nws los ua noj cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv, thaum khaws cia qhov tshiab thiab khoom noj khoom haus ntawm cov khoom xyaw. Qhov no yog txoj kev ua noj ua haus tshiab uas tsis tuaj yeem plam.
Cellophane, tseem hu ua cellophane zaj duab xis, yog ib zaj duab xis nyias ua los ntawm txoj kev nplaum uas siv cov fibers ntuj xws li paj rwb thiab ntoo pulp ua raw cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog pob tshab, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw.
Cov saw molecular muaj qhov zoo micro permeability, uas tso cai rau cov khoom ua pa zoo li lub qe los ntawm micropores ntawm lub qe, uas yog qhov zoo heev rau kev khaws cia thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom; Muaj zog tiv thaiv oily, alkaline, thiab organic solvents; Tsis tsim hluav taws xob zoo li qub thiab tsis tuaj yeem nqus plua plav; Ua los ntawm ntuj fibers, nws tuaj yeem nqus dej hauv cov khib nyiab thiab decomposed yam tsis ua rau muaj kuab paug ib puag ncig. Dav siv los ua cov ntawv hauv ob sab phlu rau cov khoom thiab cov ntawv ntim khoom zoo nkauj. Nws cov pob tshab ua rau sab hauv ntawm cov khoom pom meej meej, thiab nws kuj muaj cov khoom xws li ya raws, impermeability, breathability, thiab kub sealing, muab kev tiv thaiv zoo rau cov khoom. Piv nrog cov yas yas zoo tib yam, nws muaj qhov zoo xws li tsis muaj hluav taws xob zoo li qub, tiv thaiv plua plav, thiab kev sib tw zoo. Cov iav ntawv tuaj yeem yog xim dawb, xim, thiab lwm yam. tuaj yeem siv los ua semi permeable membrane.
Cellophane yog regenerated cellulose, thiab muaj ib tug zoo breathability ntawm nws molecular pawg, uas yog heev pab tau rau khaws cia cov khoom. Nws tsis yog hluav taws-resistant tab sis kub-resistant, thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus kub ntawm 190 ℃ tsis deformation. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom ntim khoom rau kev kub kub tua kab mob ua ke nrog zaub mov. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li raw khoom ntawm cellophane los ntawm qhov, nws muaj zog decomposability
Kuj tseem hu ua cellulite. Regenerated cellulose zaj duab xis nrog siab transparency thiab luster. Muaj daim ntawv tiaj tus thiab daim ntawv web. Quantitative 30-60g / ㎡. Tsis muaj xim, tuaj yeem dyed rau hauv ntau yam xim. Daim ntawv yog mos, pob tshab thiab du, tsis muaj perforations, breathable, roj thiab dej resistant. Nruab nrab nruj. Nws muaj zog tensile zoo, glossiness, thiab printability. Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog txawv ntawm papermaking thiab zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom siv dag zog. txais yuav α- Refined chemical wood pulp los yog paj rwb linter yaj pulp nrog cov ntsiab lus cellulose siab yog siv los ua raw cov ntaub ntawv los npaj alkaline cellulose los ntawm alkalization (18% sodium hydroxide), nias, crushing, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem. Tom qab kev laus, carbon disulfide ntxiv rau yellowed cellulose xanthate, uas yog yaj nyob rau hauv sodium hydroxide tov los tsim txiv kab ntxwv cellulose nplaum. Cov nplaum yog matured ntawm qhov kub ntawm 20-30 ℃, lim kom tshem tawm impurities thiab npuas, thiab ces extruded los ntawm ib tug nqaim qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv ib tug zaj duab xis rub lub tshuab. Nws ntws mus rau hauv lub coagulation da dej ntawm sulfuric acid thiab sodium sulfate sib tov los ua ib tug nyias zaj duab xis (regenerated cellulose zaj duab xis), uas yog ces ntxuav, desulfurized, bleached, desalinated, thiab yas (glycerol thiab ethylene glycol, thiab lwm yam), thiab thaum kawg qhuav. tsim tawm. Siv rau ntim khoom xws li tshuaj, khoom noj, luam yeeb, textiles, tshuaj pleev ib ce, precision instruments, thiab lwm yam.
Qhov kev hloov ntawm qhov nro ntawm iav ntawv cuam tshuam rau elongation ntawm zaj duab xis thaum lub sij hawm luam ntawv. Tsis pub dhau qhov tso cai ntawm lub zog, qhov elongation nce nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov nro, uas ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev ua tiav qhov tseeb ntawm cov xim luam ntawv. Qhov nro tuaj yeem hloov kho raws li hom khoom siv substrate thiab nws elongation. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov elongation ntawm PE zaj duab xis yog qhov loj, tus nqi nro yuav tsum me dua; Rau daim ntawv, PET, OPP, thiab lwm yam yas zaj duab xis nrog tsawg nthuav tus nqi, qhov nro tuaj yeem tsim nyog. Qhov saum npoo yog du thiab tsis muaj qhov hws, thiab cov txheej number case tsis yooj yim kho lossis tsis ruaj khov. Tom qab thawj xim luam ntawv tiav lawm, nws yog ib qho yooj yim uas yuav tsum tau daig tawm los ntawm tus number case los ntawm cov xim tom ntej overlay, ua rau cov qauv tsis tiav thiab cov ntawv nyeem, ua rau muaj qhov tsis xws luag;
Tom qab ntim cov khoom nrog nws, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv xeb, noo noo, thiab muaj kuab paug. Tab sis cellophane kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo: lub zog ntev ntev, lub zog tsis muaj zog, tsis muaj zog tearing, thiab txawm tias me ntsis tawg tuaj yeem tawg yooj yim. Cov iav ntawv kuj muaj hydrophilicity, yog li nws tuaj yeem nqus dej. Thaum nws los txog rau dej, nws feem ntau adheres, thiab thaum nws los txog rau cua sov, cov nplooj ntawv yog yooj yim sib txuas rau hauv blocks. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cellophane yog siab transparency, muaj zog glossiness, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ci xim tom qab luam tawm cov duab thiab cov ntawv, uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab yas; Zoo luam ntawv adaptability, tsis muaj kev kho mob ua ntej luam ntawv, thiab iav ntawv kuj muaj anti-static kho kev ua tau zoo, uas tsis yooj yim rau adsorb plua plav thiab tsis txhob luam ntawv tsis zoo xws li cov duab thiab cov ntawv nplaum. Txawm li cas los xij, nws cov dej tsis zoo yog qhov tsis zoo, thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab tuaj yeem ua rau deformation vim qhov kub thiab txias, ua rau nyuaj rau kev sau npe ntawm cov duab thiab cov ntawv thaum luam ntawv.
Lub ntiaj teb tsuas yog square chocolate tau yug los. Clara Ritter tau thov kom tsim ib hom qhob noom xim kasfes uas tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv lub tsho ua kis las yam tsis muaj qhov hnyav. Qhov kev thov no tau txais kev lees paub los ntawm tsev neeg sai sai. Hom chocolate no yog hu ua "Rhett's Sports Chocolate" vim nws haum zoo rau cov txiv neej cov khaub ncaws ncaws pob.
Xyoo 1939, kev tawm tsam hauv Waldenburg.
Thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Zaum II, qhov ntau lawm ntawm cov qhob noom xim kasfes maj mam txo qis thiab thaum kawg tso tseg kev tsim khoom hauv xyoo 1940.
Xyoo 1946, lawv rov qab los!
Alfred Ritter lub Hoobkas chocolate tseem tsim ntau yam tsis yog cocoa candies.
Xyoo 1960, kov yeej cov squares me me ntawm South Germany.
Alfred Otto Ritter tau txiav txim siab tsom mus rau lub tuam txhab kev lag luam ntawm chocolate cubes. Ntau lwm yam khoom xws li khoom qab zib hnub so, cov qhob noom xim kasfes ntev, thiab hollow cim chocolates tau maj mam txiav. Thiab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm Ritter Sport. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, lub square tshiab chocolate tau qhwv hauv daim ntawv chocolate xim cellophane, nrog Ritter Sport logo prominently cim rau ntawm nws.
Xyoo 1970, pob zeb diamond me me tau nthuav dav thoob plaws lub teb chaws Yelemees.
Xyoo no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tsev neeg kev lag luam no, vim nws tau dhau los ua neeg paub zoo rau tag nrho cov pej xeem German. Ritter Kev ua si nawv coj tsis tau pom dua yogurt flavored chocolate - thawj qhob noom xim kasfes hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees muaj cov yogurt. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tshaj tawm hauv TV uas tshaj tawm thoob plaws lub tebchaws kuj tseem tsis tau muaj dua nyob hauv lub tebchaws Yelemes thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Qhov kev tshaj tawm niaj hnub no, muaj kev lom zem, thiab tshwj xeeb, nrog rau cov lus hais nrov nrov 'Perfect chocolate yog square', qhia txog qhov tsis sib xws ntawm Ritter Sport.
1) Cellophane
Cellophane yog cov pob tshab thiab glossy regenerated cellulose zaj duab xis, yav tas los hu ua cellophane, uas yog transliteration ntawm lus Askiv cellophane. Nws yog ib hom ntawv siv rau ntim cov khoom, uas belongs rau qeb ntawm cov ntawv ntim. Thov nco ntsoov tias tseem muaj ib lo lus hu ua celluloid, uas tsis yog ntawv, tab sis yog cov yas nitrocellulose (cov khoom siv los ua cov khoom ntaus pob tesniv). Celluloid yog lus Askiv txhais ntawm celluloid. Tsis txhob confuse ob.
Qhov ntau ntawm cellophane feem ntau yog 30-60g / m2. Muaj ob hom ntawv: daim ntawv tiaj tus thiab daim ntawv web. Feem ntau cov ntawv tsis muaj xim, pob tshab, thiab du, tsis muaj perforations, tsis breathable, tsis muaj roj permeable, thiab tsis dej permeable; Muaj ib qho kev nruj nruj; Nws muaj zog tensile zoo, glossiness, thiab printability. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau ntau yam xim (liab, daj, thiab lwm yam).
Cellophane yog regenerated cellulose, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm nws cov molecular pawg muaj ib tug zoo breathability, uas yog zoo rau kev tiv thaiv thiab khaws cia cov khoom. Nws tsis yog hluav taws-resistant, tab sis kub-resistant thiab tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 190 ℃ yam tsis muaj deformation. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov khoom ntim khoom rau kev kub kub tua kab mob ua ke nrog zaub mov. Vim nws lub hauv paus chiv keeb, cellophane muaj zog decomposability thiab muaj feem xyuam rau ib puag ncig.
Cov iav ntawv siv α- Refined chemical wood pulp los yog paj rwb linter yaj pulp nrog cov ntsiab lus cellulose siab yog siv los ua raw cov ntaub ntawv, thiab alkali cellulose yog npaj los ntawm alkalization (18% sodium hydroxide), nias, crushing, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem. Tom qab kev laus, carbon disulfide yog ntxiv rau daj rau hauv cellulose xanthate, uas yog yaj nyob rau hauv sodium hydroxide tov los ua txiv kab ntxwv cellulose nplaum. Cov nplaum yog matured ntawm qhov kub ntawm 20-30 ℃, lim kom tshem tawm impurities thiab npuas, thiab ces extruded los ntawm ib tug nqaim qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv ib tug zaj duab xis rub lub tshuab. Nws ntws mus rau hauv lub coagulation da dej ntawm sulfuric acid thiab sodium sulfate sib tov los ua ib tug nyias zaj duab xis (regenerated cellulose zaj duab xis), uas yog ces ntxuav, desulfurized, bleached, desalinated, thiab yas (glycerol thiab ethylene glycol, thiab lwm yam), thiab thaum kawg qhuav. tsim tawm.
2) iav fiber ntau ntawv
Cov ntawv iav fiber ntau yog cov ntawv muaj feem ntau siv los ua cov khoom siv lim dej, cov khoom siv suab nrov, cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam. , thiab zoo dimension stability.
Hom ntawv no muaj qee qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv zoo tib yam, raws li nws siv 100% iav fiber ntau (tsuas yog tsim los ntawm silica, nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.3-0.5) μ Nws yog tsim los ntawm kev sib tw maj mam, ntxiv cov nplaum, lossis ntxiv qee cov tshuaj ntoo pulp. nyob rau ntawm lub tshuab web ntawv ntev lossis lub voj voog lub tshuab ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv qee qhov silicone lossis colloidal alumina los txhim kho lub zog ntawm daim ntawv.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov iav fiber ntau ntawv (los yog iav fiber ntau cua lim ntawv) yog qhov yooj yim piv rau cov txheej txheem papermaking. Vim tias fiberglass tsis xav tau kev ntaus, nws tsuas yog yuav tsum tau tawg. Thiab tsis tas yuav tsum nias thaum ua cov ntawv luam. Txo cov txheej txheem thiab txuag lub zog.
Cov txheej txheem ntws yog raws li nram no: fiberglass → dispersion → slurry cia tank → slurry twj tso kua mis → pre mixing tank → mixing box → grit tray → slurry flushing tank → slurry pump → stabilizing box → flow box → mesh part → dry room → coiling → slitting thiab ntim
Cellophane fim is EN13432 industry compostable and OK home compostable , feel free to discuss via williamchan@yitolibrary.com
Cellophane Zaj duab xis - HuiZhou YITO Ntim Co., Ltd.
Post lub sij hawm: Sep-22-2023